Karin Chan

Showing posts with label Tech. Show all posts

How The Web Works

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #073763;">The Internet is not a single network. It is a vast, earth-span-ning network of networks. As you’re reading this, dozens of<br />networks and PCs are in the process of hooking themselves<br />up to this international network, extending it almost infinitely.<br />You might just be pining, craving, desperately wishing that<br />somebody would come forward and explain how this whole blessed<br />system works. And that signifies the first step towards geekhood—<br />and if you read on, this chapter could expedite the process.</span></h3><h2><span style="color: #073763;"><br /></span><span style="color: blue;">The Structure of the Internet:</span></h2><div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #660000;">Webs In General:</span></h3><div><b>Spiders made webs before we did, you know. At first, a spider</b></div><div><b>makes a bridge line—the first thread that connects two solid</b></div><div><b>points, like two branches or walls or trees. He then reinforces this</b></div><div><b>thread with a few more threads. This primary line is what holds</b></div><div><b>the entire web together. He then proceeds to make a Y-shaped radi-al—a framework—and then the spokes that constitute a web.</b></div><div><b>If you thought it was just some bright copywriter’s idea to call</b></div><div><b>the Internet a “web,” think again. There are some remarkable sim-ilarities between how spiders make their webs and how the</b></div><div><b>Internet takes shape. The primary resemblance is what is known</b></div><div><b>as the Internet “backbone."</b></div></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #660000;">The Central—But Not Really Nervous—System</span></h3><div><img 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" /></div><div><b>Akin to the spider’s bridge line is what is called a “backbone,” a</b></div><div><b>super-fast network that goes all across the world, usually from one</b></div><div><b>metropolitan area to another. Mega- ISPs run these lines that can</b></div><div><b>transport data at approximately 45 MBps (on T3 lines) and are linked</b></div><div><b>at specified interconnection points (called “national access points”</b></div><div><b>and sometimes known as “regional nerve centres”). All regional net-works are connected to each other by high-speed backbones, which</b></div><div><b>are basically connections</b></div><div><b>that can transport data at</b></div><div><b>very high speeds. When</b></div><div><b>data is sent from one</b></div><div><b>regional network to</b></div><div><b>another, it is first sent to</b></div><div><b>the above-mentioned NAP</b></div><div><b>which in turn routes it to</b></div><div><b>a backbone. The ISP that</b></div><div><b>connects your computer</b></div><div><b>to the Internet is a local</b></div><div><b>one that uses routers to</b></div><div><b>send and receive data via</b></div><div><b>this backbone.</b></div></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #660000;">About A Router</span></h3><div><img src="data:image/jpeg;base64,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" /></div><div>A router (the “rou” in “router” rhymes with “cow”) is an electron-ic device which comes in a little box, and which connects one net-work with another (for example, a Local Area Network with a</div><div>Wide Area Network). Routers do most of the task of directing traf-fic on the Internet by sending the request from your network to</div><div>another while simultaneously preventing other unauthorised</div><div>users to access your network (this latter task is done with the help</div><div>of a firewall, a software program that intercepts and filters</div><div>unwanted packets of data that are either trying to enter your net-work or access the resources of your network). A router examines</div><div>each packet of data that travels across the Internet, figures out</div><div>where it is headed, and “routes” it towards its destination in the</div><div>most efficient way possible. Usually, the packet of data goes to</div><div>another router and another, and another—until it reaches the</div><div>destination. Each router that a packet of data passes through to</div><div>reach its destination is considered a “hop.” A router must depend,</div><div>however, on gateways. </div></b></div><div><span style="color: #073763;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #073763;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #073763;"><br /></span></div><div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #073763;"> </span><span style="color: #660000;">Gateways And Bridges</span></h3><div><img src="data:image/jpeg;base64,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" /></div><div><b>Just when you—finally—figured out that “windows” aren’t some-thing you open to let fresh air in, these computer guys tell you to</b></div><div><b>start using “gateways,” too. And you got it right this time—a “gate-way” is not something you open to let people in.</b></div><div><b>A gateway is a network point—a node—that acts as an entrance</b></div><div><b>to another network. It is basically a device that allows the</b></div><div><b>exchange of data by translating between the protocols of two dif-ferent networks or computers on the connected networks. In the</b></div><div><b>case of your residential connection, the gateway is your ISP.</b></div><div><b>Gateways are different from Bridges in the sense that a bridge only</b></div><div><b>links LANs together, sending data to another LAN while keeping</b></div><div><b>local data within its own network.</b></div><div><b>Along the way, the data we transact—apart from passing</b></div><div><b>through several routers, gateways, and backbones—is also depend-ent on an indispensable device called a Server. Servers are of dif-ferent types, and they perform several important functions.</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #660000;">Servers</span></h3><div><img 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" /></div><div>A server is basically a program that runs on a machine and pro-vides a specific service to all machines that are connected to it. The</div><div>server has a specific set of programs that allows the connected</div><div>computers (called clients) to make different kinds of requests to it. </div><div>Think of a server as a waiter in a restaurant standing by to give</div><div>you all he can accommodate on a tray. If, however, he doesn’t have</div><div>the item you wish to consume, he re-routes your order to another</div><div>waiter (with different goodies) who happens to be waiting at</div><div>another table. This other waiter passes on the object of desire via</div><div>other waiters so it finally ends up on your plate.</div><div>A Web server is a machine that hosts Web sites and allows</div><div>Internet users (clients) to access these sites. A Web server is basically</div><div>the kind of server that holds static companies and just waits around</div><div>for requests to come around from other machines on the Internet.</div><div>Once it receives a request, it allows access to the data requested. </div><div>Web servers are the principal part of the Web, and every URL you</div><div>request usually ends up at a Web server—unless a proxy server decid-ed that it can help speed up the process by sending you the data itself.</div><div>❍ A file server is a machine that keeps files and allows clients to</div><div>upload and download them from it.</div><div>❍ A proxy server sits between a client application, such as a Web</div><div>browser, and a real server. It intercepts all requests to the real</div><div>server, sees if it can fulfil the request from any of the recent</div><div>requests, and if it can’t, forwards the request to the server that</div><div>actually hosts the Web site. </div><div>❍ A groupware server is software designed to enable users to col-laborate, regardless of location, via the Internet or a corporate</div><div>intranet and to work together in a virtual atmosphere.</div><div>❍ Mail servers move and store mail all across the Internet, and you</div><div>have been “served” by one when you’ve checked your mail.</div><div>❍ A chat server allows you to interact with other users on the net-work in real-time.</div><div>❍ Integral to the process of sending data across the Internet is the</div><div>Domain Name Server (“the DNS”). </div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #660000;">The Process Explained—Roughly</span></h3><div>To give you a rough sketch of a smooth process, this is what hap-pens when you log on to the Net and type in a URL. The browser you’re using—Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Safari, Seamonkey,</div><div>or anything else—is called a client, which sends a “request” to</div><div>access the URL you typed in (say www.yahoo.co.in) to your ISP. The ISP</div><div>forwards the request to another (like a file on the table of a typical</div><div>government office goes to another table) through the vBNS (the</div><div>Very high-speed Backbone Network Services) and so on, until it</div><div>reaches the target where the destination is stored—in this case, the</div><div>Web site you requested. This “host” computer, or “Web host,” sends</div><div>back the packet of data you requested through much the same</div><div>channels in much the same way, hopping routers on the way, until</div><div>it reaches your ISP. The ISP then sends the data down to your com-puter and the Yahoo! India homepage appears on your screen.</div><div>Simple? No. Actually, mucho, muchocomplicated. </div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;"> <span style="color: #660000;">The Process Explained—Toughly </span></h3><div>We’ll now try to figure out how the Web works by digging a little</div><div>deeper and see what exactly happens to get your favourite Web</div><div>page on your screen.</div><div>Let’s say you typed in the URL of a Web site. The Uniform</div><div>Resource Locator, for your convenience, is in letters and numbers,</div><div>in recognisable words, so that you can identify and recall it at will.</div><div>The computers aren’t human… yet. So, out of our deep sympathy</div><div>for the dumb machines, we humans have conceded to talk to com-puters in their language, which is nothing but the language of</div><div>numbers. Computers converse with each other in the language of</div><div>zeroes and ones—“bits.” If all computers used this binary language</div><div>in random ways, exchange of meaningful data would be impossi-ble. To ensure a shared language between two computing</div><div>machines, we created “protocols.”</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #660000;">Protocols</span></h3><div><img src="data:image/jpeg;base64,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" /></div><div>A protocol is a set of rules that enables the exchange of information</div><div>between two computers, regardless of whether they run on differ-ent operating systems. These rules strictly state the format and pro-cedure to be followed while transmitting data between two com-puters or two networks. A protocol basically gives the “grammar” to their “speech.” Certain key protocols you should know about are:</div><div>TCP:Transmission Control Protocol, used for the reliable trans-mission of data over a network. </div><div>IP: The Internet protocol is the set of rules that dictates how</div><div>exactly packets of data should be transmitted over the Internet.IP</div><div>standardises the way machines over the Internet (or any IP net-work) forward or route their packets based on their IP addresses.</div><div>HTTP:Hypertext Transfer Protocol, used for transmitting and dis-playing information in the form of Web pages on browsers. This is</div><div>the language used when your Web browser talks to the Web server. </div><div>FTP:File Transfer Protocol, used for file transfer (uploading and</div><div>downloading) over the Internet. Both FTP and HTTP are based on</div><div>TCP/IP. FTP is still often used as a means of downloading large files.</div><div>SMTP:Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, used for e-mail.</div><div>Ethernet: Used for data transmission over a LAN (Local Area</div><div>Network). </div><div>Wi-Fi:The wireless version of Ethernet.</div><div>Of all these protocols, in order to understand how the Internet</div><div>works, what we really need to know is the IP and the TCP.</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;"> <span style="color: #660000;">TCP/IP</span></h3><div><img src="data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQABAAD/2wCEAAkGBhQSEBUQEBQWFBUWGB8YGBgYGBkYFhkeGx4XGBUYHhsYISYeHh8jGhgXIC8gJScpLS0vFyAxNTAqNSYrLSsBCQoKDgwOGg8PGjQkHyUwLCwvLCkqMC0sNjQtLDIwLCwsLC00LCwsKSw0KSwsLDAsLC0vLCwsLCwsLywvLCwpMv/AABEIALoBDwMBIgACEQEDEQH/xAAcAAABBQEBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAwQFBgcCAQj/xABQEAACAQIDAwUJDgQEBAUFAAABAgMAEQQSIQUTMSJBUVORBhUWMjRhcZLRBxQXI1Ryc4GTlLGy0tMzQmShJIKzwzVEUsFDYoPw8WN0orTh/8QAGwEAAQUBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAECAwQFBgf/xAA8EQABAgIECgkCBQUBAAAAAAABAAIDEQQSITEFExRBUVJhkaHRFUJTcYGxweHwMjMGIjRigjVykrLx0v/aAAwDAQACEQMRAD8A2rEY6OMgSOiX4ZmAv213BiFcZkYMOlSCO0VDd1uEw+5aabDQ4iRQEiEkaPd3YJGl2BsGkZR9dPdhbGTCwLBGFAGpyqEDMxu7ZV0F2JNhoOA0FCFUvdUx8sYwwilkjzM9927oTYLa5QgniaoPfnEfKcT94m/XV3913/lfnSfglZ7XXYJgQn0ebmgmZvAWXSnuESQKd9+cR8pxP3ib9dcSbenW2bF4gXNhfEzC5PAC76nzU3qG2pKryMhzchOSVR3s7ag8gGxUBT/nq/GgwIbZ1G7goGPe43lWTvziPlOJ+8Tfro784j5TifvE366gJMazjDlGybwnNoCRZGJGvOGH9vqriTESCQQh9d4Bnyrcq0cj24WzArxA6NKYW0bNDGYXDOJ+qWcTW4lWB9uTjjisQLkDXEzDU6AePxJoTbk54YrEGxI0xMx1GhHj8QaruLkYERs2bLLCQxABIZ+BtYXBU8AOIruHFO53YbKTJKMwAuFjawAuLX1GpB4Gmyo9aWLG4aZJZvlOtxVh784j5TifvE3668O2sR8qxP3ib9dQc8zKuUyEnMQMiBpCLAgWtlBF9Ta1rcL0wZ3d0RndSk4UEiPNrEzgmwK3Go05m1F+A8UdtmKE7BcEDGHrcSrUu3Jze2KxBsbG2Jm0OhseXxsR21135xHynE/eJv11Xzi3LtGGsTMUDWByqIlkPmvxte/HzVzisTIgeMPcjdFXKi9nkyEEAAHgeAHH66WrRgCcWLJ9UZsyScTW4lWLvziPlOJ+8Tfro784j5TifvE366hsO7LM0TMXGQOCQoIuzKRyQBbQU+qdlHo7xPFjcEwxHjrHenffnEfKcT94m/XWudweJaTZ8DyMzsQ12YlmNncC5Op0A41jFbH7nf8Aw2D0N+d6xMNQYcNjCxoFuYSVyhvc4mZUztVysErKbERsQRxBCmxrC4dtYkqpOJxOoH/MTdHz63LbHk030b/lNYDh/EX5o/AVHgSEyIYldoN14npTqY5zasjpT/vziPlOJ+8Tfro784j5TifvE366aUV0WSQNQbgqGNfpO9O+/OI+U4n7xN+ujvziPlOJ+8TfrppRRkkDUG4Ixr9J3p335xHynE/eJv10d+cR8pxP3ib9dNKKMkgag3BGNfpO9O+/OI+U4n7xN+ujvziPlOJ+8TfrppRRkkDUG4Ixr9J3p335xHynE/eJv10d+cR8pxP3ib9dNKKMkgag3BGNfpO9O+/OI+U4n7xN+ujvziPlOJ+8TfrppRRkkDUG4Ixr9J3p335xHynE/eJv11a/cz2lM+MdJJpZF3LGzyyOLh4wCA7GxsT21Sat3uW+XP8AQN+eKs7CdHhMor3NYAbLgNIU9GiOMQAn5JaXtLZgm3eZiBHKsthblFLlQbjhex015Ip7TfHY+OFDJPIkSDizsFUektYV1hMYkqCSJ1kRtVZGDKfQRoa41a6oPuu/8r86T8ErPL1ofuu4VJPeqyKri8hswBF7JrY1nnePD9RF9mvsrrsEPeKPIAXnP7KhHg13zmi9JwxBb2/mYsfSf/5YegCk8Zg8JFbeRRLmvb4oEm1r+Kp6RXWFwGEkBMcULW4/FqCOi4IuK0ccS6UhP+72UOS7eCa4nZt2TLcKHZ2s1iCyMLj/ADEH6zXk+ywd2ASbPnZixznkOoN+m5XsqR7x4fqIvs09lHePD9RF9mnspmLnP8ot292zYn4k63D3TUbOS1iWJzK5Ym7EqQVufqGlB2clrAsDmZwwNmBYktY/WdKdd48P1EX2aeyjvHh+oi+zT2U6r+wb/ZJiDrcE0bZqWABYEEnMGOe50Y357/8AYdArk7JTWxcEsHzBjmzAZc1zzkEg07k2PhlF2hhA0Fyic5sObnJArrvHh+oi+zT2UlWfUG/2RiDrcE2fAIc3HlPnuDYhrBQQRw0H49NcjZyZSCWJJUlibsShDLc9Fxw9NLybLwozXhh5IzEbtSQNdbAX5j2Up3kw/URfZr7KW8/QN/sjEHW4JLcDebz+bLl81rlvxNK3o7x4fqIvs09lHePD9RF9mvsqQPeLmjf7JuTfu4IvWye53/w2D0N+d6xvvHh+oi+zX2VsnueIBs2AAAABgANAAHewrDw05xYysM+n2Cs0eFUJtUvtjyab6N/ymsBw/iL80fgK37bHk030b/lNYDh/EX5o/AUmAL4n8fVR07q+KUooorp1moopLDYlZFDocyngfRoeNK0gIImEpEkUUUlHila1je+YDQ/ymzdhpCQL0SStFFFKkRRSa4hSFINw3ikag6E8R5gaUoBBuSoooopUiKt3uW+XP9A354qqNW73LfLn+gb88VZmFf0j/DzCs0X7o+ZlbNurNJtOCOIRjJh5ZEeUM6K5eFC2RSuZghIHKFhI2utjIdyzD/EIY0SRJyJt3mEbu0cUm8UN4uZHQkf9WbUnUvNrbETEBcxdHW+SSN2jkXMLNZl5jpcG4NhpoKV2ZsxIEyRg6ksxZizsx4szNcknpPQBwAFcMtlUv3VeOF9Mn4JVFq7e63iFT3qzsqC8guxCjgmlzWe9+IOvi+0T211mCXtbR5E5yoH3pttN3GIgMahmtLoWyDgl9bH8KTx6yCKfENZH3JVQrFrZc7Zs1hrc6WGlvPTp9o4YsrmaLMt7Herpmtm/m8won2jh3RkeaIqwII3qC4Oh4G9WnBpLjXFt1o0S701NcaXV1hXfOCrOxV1VybqLZmIsBe9l6RzVw7zlApD+ORlEkazMuUEcpTa4JN9QSLH0usVjMLJbPLEbagiVVYcxsysCNOg0mZMJkybyGwObSUBrni2YNmvrxvemOaCTJ9nfwuSpq2Pc5YUExN3zC6JMLBCqlmIHB75gbkAeeunkmsiMZI7zqoJZGkylGJBKkg6jifN0U4MmEy5N5Fa+a++Ga/DNnzZr20ve9epNhAABLDyWzj41ScwBGYktcmxtrem1DneN/wA80JltCM2khLyFUkgKkuc3LdQQW4kC1xfgfQKVxzNaQxtM26BGbeKqKVQGxvcueckg8acy4nCtnzSxHOAG+NXXL4vBtCOkWpNjgydZIjoAQZgQ1gACwLWY2A1NzQ5gtk4b9pl5jciaZzXvPOHcP70V9GIUErNzeYi46Dc1IpG0sjgyOgQqFCG3FVYsf+rVrWOnJ4UnI+EbQyxeJu/4wF1sRlNm10JsTqL6V1iJsI5u0sV7W0mC3HQcrDMNTob8ac1oHWG++/nwQm+Dled0zO6AwKxCHLc52GbThcC+nMRUjsfEF4VZjc8oE9OVmW+nOQKTTH4YNnEsIOUJpIlsoNwLXtxow+0MMi5UmiAFzbeqeJLHi3STUkKTDMvBvz90vVIVIVq/uf8A/DoP83+o9Y534g6+L7RPbWxe544OzYCCCCGII1B5b2N6zMMva5jZHOnw71L7Y8mm+jf8prAcP4i/NH4Ct+2x5NN9G/5TWA4fxF+aPwFLgC+J/H1VWndXxSlMtrykRFVBLPyAFF218YjzhQx+qntcNECwYjVb281+NdHEaXNLRnWe0yM1HYGezyIEeMMM6hgBqAFe1if/ACH6zSWDZliglMjuXyBgTcHMNbDmI4357G96lZYQ1iRqL2PRcEH+xprs7ZSxqlwMyqBe5IuAAxAOgvrqACb1VxLwQBttuzj38FJXEkzwTMIYJjI7M+QMCbqQ1gdOYi978eSb0nBiWQIVuR/iWK/9RV2Kj/300/2dslY0S4GdVAuCct7WJAOgJ11sDrTiPBICpA8XNbU6Zzd+00xtHiVRbKwZ55wT5JS9sz80prEpUJI0zcoXYNqp5Jbkj+W1r6cwPppmHfNEbyhZGClmcDMGVjdUXxDpcEWIqUh2fGhuq25uJIAPEAE2Uei1cx7KjUghdVN1uzHLbhludB5hpTnQIhAAs8Ts87dHmkD2qN2VdIcLZmOc6gsT/wCHIco81wDbppVHYRJiM7FmyErfkEOygqF5rZuPHk89P4tnotsotlYsNWIBIKm1zoLE6cNeFeLs2MNnC63uNTlB5yFvlB1OoFDaO9rQ31OgCfA70piAmajXdxHLNvHukrhRfk2EmXKRzi3ZzWqcNINgkKMluSxLEXOpJzE9PHWl6mgwnMvOYb7Z+iY5wKKt3uW+XP8AQN+eKqjVu9y3y5/oG/PFVXCv6R/h5hS0X7o+Zlo22e6GHChTOxXOSFCpJIxIFzyY1Y6DntS2ytrR4iPewlityOUjxm448mRVb+1Ru2tkGfExFcW0DJFIAsYiMrBmhu4MocBRkUGyfz8RexX7nsa7b+KRt4YJt0JCAC43cUoJC2XMN5kNgBdL2HCuGWyoPu/iDSYYMARaTQgEf+H01XPeUfVp6q+yrN3d/wAXDeiX/bqv1vUADFeKidekfeUfVp6q+yj3lH1aeqvspair1UaE1MsWIYlDOi6mwAjzMSeACqCSdDwHMaRwWIglOUR5WAvlkhMbWva4DqLi/OOkdNebaRWaFS7RSZiYpAFIDBSCpDaHMjNyba2PCwqI23jJ4Lq5jkfdsUkVd08S54lkLXLgAq18wHFOBtUD31STKwfPliVWX3jH1aeovso94x9WnqL7KrYgliLaphlaKQk++ZJzcLdZQroDyTxIPBvRRhi0RKsrQGWJysizNiISQucyWflgqBcG1je1ySKMYM4+fNMkSVhlwsaqW3SmwJsIwWNtbAAXJ6AONdLg4yL7tPUF/wAKqUztDDJmR0MuHlyyJiGmikYRM+ez8tTZSQwFtbXNxUnhcMs8jrOz2iSIoBIyWDIGaXkEG+fMtze2T00giAmUkSU37xj6tPUX2Ue8o+rT1V9lVjZyHEywidnYHCsxs7KHtMFRzkIvdbN/mqa7nZS2HGYliryJcm5ISWRFuTqTlUa05jw83fPhQnvvKPq09VfZR7yj6tPVX2UtRU1UaEiR95R9Wnqr7KvHcOLYGMDTV/8AUkqm1c+4nyGP0yf6klZmEQA1qexSO2PJpvo3/KawHD+IvzR+ArftseTTfRv+U1gOH8Rfmj8BVzAF8T+PqqdO6vilKKKK6dZqKKKKEIooooQiiiihCKKKKEIooooQird7lvlz/QN+eKqjVu9y3y5/oG/PFWZhX9I/w8wrNF+6PmZaTtbYcOJAEyk5fFZWeN1vxyvGVcXsL2OttaXwOAjhQRxKEUXNh0nUkniSTqSdTSzuFBZiAALknQADiTTPYm2osXAuIgJaNiwUkEXyM0baHXxlNcMtlVX3SdoRwvhnmcIvxgub2vaPTT0Gqh4W4Tr0/v7KvndkfjsP82X/AGqiM56T21s0MuEKxPbBDxOarXhbhOvT+/so8LcJ16f39lWXOek9tJ4rEsiFlV5CP5VIzHUDTOyr59SOFW6z9I3e6dkw0qtYjulwTqUklidTxDAkH6iKRwe2dnQgrE8KA8Qq2vx46a8T21M7P7omlkZBh8QuR8jsxhyqcqvrllJPJZToDxqWDnpPbTQ5zrbNyBRxpVPwe2NnREmJoIy3HKtr9g4eajCbX2dES0TQRk8Sq5SfNovDzVcM56T20Zz0ntNL+bZuRkw0qmRbR2YubIcOucFWslswOjKbLwI5q7xW19nS5d60D5PFzLe3mFxw81XDOek9tGc9J7TR+a6zcjJxpVWHdLgs2ffR5guW9jfLcHLw4XANq9h7p8EgypNGouTYXtdiWY8Ockn66tGc9J7TSGL2iseTOx5brGvE8ptF+rz0Vni2Y3e6MmGlQPhbhOvT+/so8LcJ16f39lWXOek9tGc9J7adWiaRu90ZMNKrXhbhOvT+/srSO4SUNgImU3DZyD0gySEHsquZz0ntqz9xnkafOk/1ZKz6cXFommuhVM6f7Y8nm+jf8pr51h2xCFUbwcBzHo9FfRO2vJpvon/Kao2FY7tNT4o5/MKfguO+EX1ZWyv8VC6jCPeZSWZd+YesHYfZR35h6wdh9lajmPSe2jMek9tbOXRtm480zoxmsVl3fmHrB2H2Ud+YesHYfZV6xvdE0cixnD4hs7FEKmHK5Cs+l5QQMqMdQOFSeHxBZQzBkJ4qxGYeY5SR2E0gwhFNlm480dGs1isy78w9YOw+yjvzD1g7D7K1HOek9poznpPbS5dG2bjzR0YzWKy7vzD1g7D7KO/MPWDsPsrUc56T2mjOek9tGXRtm480dGM1isu78w9YOw+yjvzD1g7D7K1HOek9poznpPbRl0bZuPNHRjNYrLu/MPWDsPso78w9YOw+ytKwO0VmQSRsSpLAcR4rMh/uppfMek9tAp8Y2iW480dGM1isu78w9YOw+yrr7kmNSTHSZGDWga/H/ri6anMx6T2097nD/jh9BJ+fD1Tp1KiRIDmulKzzG1ObQWwjXBuT7uwnlLRQrhp54Gu0253RLBSMsJ3kicljqx1uFy/zG3Pub4ovgmLRvHbE4nR8oJviJmPiMw0LFT50a1xYm00lhsKka5Y1CLctZRYXYl3OnOWYk+cmuaUirHdn/Gw/zZf9qoipHu/xgjkwzMHYWkFkjeRv/D/ljBNtONrVW/CGPq8T90xP7dbFDc0Q7SrcL6VJ0VGeEMfV4n7pif26PCGPq8T90xP7dWsY3SpZLjuf/jYv/wC6/wBnDVXdl4aGPZuFO7jJmyBmkYpGSFkZTKw8ZRYhVOlyo0qxrt6IXIixIubm2ExIudBc/F6mwAv5hXB2zDk3e4nyWtl954jLboy7u1vNURDdIz8U2qqrMq7rGwq0RQe9DaBSkSlprPl5R10W7C2oGgIqW2ngo4Zp4ov8Oj4NncxrwKyAbzKupOVmBPEgnXhaU77w2tuJ7WAt7yxFrA3UfwuAOoHMa77/AEV826xN7Wv70xN7cbX3d7X1tTA1ukfJ80lVVLaLqmGxMYjwwL4d2z4R/iyFK6vHwVjm0a5JsRUpjgiMe9uTOYJmfdm5NlG5Zst7ybzgW5Ru3Gne0MRBLBLAsWIjEoIYpgpwdefSPU+mnqbciBYrDiFzHMbYPEC5PObR6nzmgNE7wiqVG4VMMs2FOBKZ3fllDdniyOXaW2pIbd6vrmI6ah8LsfD978BK8URzSw7x2VTdSWBzM38vAWOlrCrTHtqFSSsOIUsbkjB4gEnpJEev114dsQlN2YJ8lrZfeeIy26Mu7talLWnOPn/EVVLoBYWta2luFuavaix3Qx9XifumJ/br3whj6vE/dMT+3U9dulPkpOrR3GeRp86T/Vkqh+EMfV4n7pif26vPcRJmwMbC4uZDqCp1kkOoOoPmOoqhTXAtEioI1wUjtryab6J/ymqLhf4afNH4Cr3tnyab6N/ymsww3dAmRfi8T4o/5XE9A/8Ap02guArTOhJBzqYoqM8IY+rxP3TE/t0eEMfV4n7pif260cY3SrElztj+Pg/p2/8A18RTabBJJtMGRVbJhlZcwvY757MAeccx5uanLbeiJBMWJJGovhMTobEXHxemhI+s0d/or5t1ib2tf3pib242vu72vzUwlpzi+abJVVpY/iJ4/e8bNPFYC74shpVEgkkJBBsSGBBHN0Gl8ZgYxhcfico30eImZJLcpCrKRlP8vntx571P99oLsdxPdvGPvLEXa3C53WtrDjXR21CQVMOIs1yw954ixJ4kjd6389RVG6wSVFBbbVExGIlPveXI2YrIxhxUdlUgQya3WwutgLkkX414RhmOOknyrKJCyZiBKl4ISmQcQ+bTk63AHRU7JtmFmDNBOWXgTg8QSPQTHcfVTbC4yFHkcxYli8plBODxF0JSOMhTu7jSMa+egtE7wiqmsKQu8nfPd7xUiIEhACrukMjR5rWO93t2XXkjzUlsbAifEQ++0EjDBIbSDNrvZMrEN/NltqRcEmpmXbMLEFocQxU3F8HiDY9IvHofRXXf6K+bdYm9rX96Ym9uNr7u9r62p1Vs7wlqpp3EYeNMLaNUVs8gcKFBuJZQoa2twtgL81WColNtxKSVhxALG5IweIBJ6TaPU+c134Qx9XifumJ/bqRjmtaBMJQJBSdPe5vy4fQSfnw9V/whj6vE/dMT+3Ut3G7RWXHclZVtBJ/Eili4vBw3irfhzcNOmoaU9phEA/JpkT6SrdtXbe5ZY0iknkcFhHHkvlXKGYtIyIoBZRq1zfS9K7J2smIj3kdxZmRlYWdGQlXRhrYgjpIOhBIINN9t7VhS0M8xg3ikrJm3Y5JW4Eh5IbW9uJAJHA0x7iABDKiNvIknYRzGxMwIR3kZho53rSIXHjZL1iqmk+6v+Ph/my/7VMKf91f8fD/Nl/2qY1q0X7a2qF9peUV7RVlXFF4rbqx4qPCsp+MQsH/lBzBVU/OJsD02HPS6bRBxLYbLqsSy5r6HO0iWt5t3e/nqKx+EWXaG7cXVsGwPMR8dGQQeYg2IPMQDUJtDfvJi49TKmFhRiELbxRNMzsqgjNnhJ5II1JWoS8gquYjgfH0Vum23AsUk29RkiBzlXU2I/lOtgx4AHnIrvZm1Y8RGskTqwKhrBlYrfmOUmxuCPSp6Kp8UAmMm7xEM5GHlQpBhd2NV5KO2dgCGylUIvx4a0vvQMNhpcNY72EYRinAOwGRjbhkfeA9Bc0giGaQRXTtuVwGIUhSGWz+KbizXBIt06AnTmFc4fGxuWWN0cqbMFZWKnoIB0Ppqmvs+UpPhoQw95xSpDx1MwJiynpWDkX6XqQgmw8k+FGBC3jZt5kTLkj3bgxvoMpLmKytrdb20NOEQpwin58zKVk2/HvYYo2WTesVurqcnxbzKSBfRlXThxvUikgJIBBKmxAIJBsDY9BsQfrqh4TAn3rslcOwhd1PLCAkE4WUlrc51PHnPPVm7lWAw4iybuSMlJVuSc/FnzHVg9w4Y6kMOe9DHkm1LDeSZH5YpiivaKlUy8qc7j/JF+fJ/qyVCVN9x/ki/Pk/1ZKpUy4LOp/0hPdteTTfRP+U1UcL/AA0+aPwFW7bXk030T/lNVLC/w0+aPwFNofW8EygXu8PVKUV7RV9ai8qPwe2UcyhrR7uZoeUwGYqquSL25iTb/wApNSFUg4dXmCuoZe+rkgi40wzkaHzgVG9xEpKKI4tlJWTH90cEUSzNIhR3VFYOmU5mC3BvYhb5jbgFJ5qdttGIFAZIwZNUGdbvfUZdeVp0XqobTiVXxd1URpisHIdBlUXgMr9AGUXJ6BrTfF23mIEuIw8Yla8YfCmVpIii7rdMJBmAW4yqLgg9OrDEIUZiuB+beSvL42MOI2dA5sApZQxJzFRa99QrW6cp6DXMG0InbKkkbNlDWV1Jyng1gb2PTwqC2HhP8bLvOW6YbCjOy2e/+IzGxuVJIBIvUbsvCImE2SyIqsZIrkABjnhlL3PHXnp1cp2MN8vk5K4+/Y95us6by18mZc9unLe9vPammytvw4hpUidWMTlCAykmwU5gFJ5Nza/Spql4aBsghlxMSYjeXKDCFsTnz33itvLsCbHeWy5TzC4qy9zORZ8ZHyVk98M+WwDZGWLI3zSQbHzGkbEJISNiucQrBRXtFTKwvKX2J5cv0Ev58PSNLbE8uX6CX8+HqCk/bPzOq1L+yfDzVrxGHV1KSKrqeIYAg/UdK7VbCw0FRm19qSxsseHw7TuwLatu4lClQc0hB5RzaKASbHgBeldi7XXExlwpRldo3QkEo6HK6kqSDrqCOIINZCwlW+7/AGluJMM+7kk0kGWMKW13RvymUW06ecVWvDL+kxfqRfu1ZPdC/iYb/wBT/bqs1MyO5gkF0WDqPjINaZFp0Lrwy/pMX6kX7tHhl/SYv1Iv3a5pHGT5I3ktfKrNbpsCbf2p+VRFfNEAE6x4ck48Mv6TF+pF+7R4Zf0mL9SL92oTD4/FGMSmKFlKhsqSPvLEA2GZApNua49NOZNv4dQpaVFzqGW5sbMLgkcw85pcqiKMQGETrkd4A9FJ+Gf9Ji/Ui/drzwy/pMX6kX7tRXhBF7597ZhmyB7301ubeqM178DS+E2xDKxSKVHYa2BubdI6R5xSZVESijwzYH7MyfeGX9Ji/Ui/do8M/wCkxfqRfu0xxGOKzxQ2BEgck84yBSO3N/alcRPlKC6jO+XUkE8lmsthqeTwNtAaXKoiXJm2/mNndy2pz4Zf0mL9SL92jwy/pMX6kX7tR8O3IHcRrKhY3sAdSQSCPTodOOlc4XawKyNJZBHK0d78cpAH1knhSZVESZOzX8lJeGX9Ji/Ui/do8Mv6TF+pF+7XNFGVRFJkY1jw5Lrwy/pMX6kX7tXvuIlzYGN7FcxkNmtmF5JDY2JFx6TVCq+dw/kMXpf/AFJKjiRnRLCsnCkDFsaZztUltkf4ab6N/wAprJIPdHhCKNxidAB4kfR9JWt7Y8nm+jf8pr50j8UegUsKI5k5KxgChNpZiVnESldLPPTNXP4SoeoxPqR/uUfCVD1GJ9SP9yqdRVjHvXT9Bw9d3Dkrj8JUPUYn1I/3KPhKh6jE+pH+5VLnmCKXY2AFyf8A4ryTEKq5yeTprx4kAcPORRj3ppwNBE5xDZb1btN1yuvwlQ9RifUj/cr34SoeoxXqR/uVTa5EoJKg6i1x0Xvb8KMe9KcCQhfEPDkrn8JUPUYn1I/3KPhKh6jE+pH+5VOoox70vQcPXdw5K5fCVD1GK9SP9yj4SoeoxPqR/uVTSa5ilDKGXUEAj0HUUY96ToSFOWMPDkrn8JUPUYn1I/3KPhKh6jE+pH+5VOoox70vQcPXdw5K4/CVD1GJ9SP9yp7uF7pUxeOOSOVMkD33gUXzPBa2Vm/6fNWYVdvck8uk+gb88VRxIrnNkVm4VwUyBRHxA8mUr5aRsV+7q+7CLB5I3kjSWW+QysFjUC2Z2N72FxZRqx0FtSHXcrJA2GBwsqzqWYtKpBzuSWlYkaXLEmw0F7DQVL2oqquGVL90L+Jhv/U/26rNTPusbRMHvZwhk1kFgQvEJrdtOb+9UDwyb5M/2kdLIrrMFB2T2NJtNzSfIKzU12qpMEoAuTG4AHE8k2qD8Mm+TP8AaR0eGTfJn+0jokVpua4iVV3+LuSdbO26ogjREleRY1GTcyrcgAWzOoUa85NqYQYd4V97kyrlRVUQx33xCKGJlKECzXUAlbBR00r4ZN8mf7SOjwxb5M/2kdEiq5o8QgTDrP2OSGDV0WL4sszYBY1VlYqXQEmN9LD/ADWvwpWIs+JwzZp5ArPmLxbqNLxSAALkU8dL6jz6iuvDJvkz/aR0eGTfJn+0jokU0UVwkJOzdV2ZPNsziPE4eRg2UCUEqjvYkR5bhATrY9lGIxYmfDNEHIXEcq8ciW+Km1s6g2uRrw1pn4ZN8mf7SOjwyb5M/wBpHRIqQwYhJ/KZEg/Q7NLkvcNhmGCiXKQffKsRY38quWt83W/R5qQhwTpK2JIZ1TEy3jK8FYgb5Ba5Ycb68ksB51vDJvkz/aR0eGTfJn+0jokUzJTZ+V1gHVdm8FZqKrPhk3yZ/tI6PDJvkz/aR0SKtSfqO/xdyVmq+dw/kMXpf/UkrHfDFvkz/aR1r3ufS5tnQNa2YMbcbXkc2uKJLDwyDUbMEW5wR5qW2x5PN9G/5TXzpH4o9Ar6L2x5PN9G/wCU186R+KPQKcxX/wAKfVG/j6rqiiipF26Z7Z8nk+aaa7S5CFP5WZSvm5all/7j6+ipSWIMpVhcHQivJoFYWYXFwfrGoNCo0ijOiFxBkS2Q4znstUTI8jNIQp5LEAiXKFtwuvA9Ot+NEeHJeZhcPlRhZmIzWJtxsRcW9BqSlwEbNmZQT+Pp6frrv3uufPblWtfzUigyFxdNxnbPgRO6wiek3XqNbaBuZFN1YZUHNmABX6yWYf5aUhgzF1Z3+LsosxH8qnObcSSTxvwp8MKtgMosDmA6Dqb9pNczYJHILKCR0/gekeY0J+SxL3EHPK2Vt+nPaO5R+FcyMGcsPiUawJAuS+th6OHCvNkSMd2r3UCJSgB0bQBiTzkacnmuD6JTci5a2pFvqFyB/c14MMtlFvE8XzWFvw0okhlDe0tdWmROe20X/L0pRRRSrSRV29yTy6T6BvzxVSau3uSeXSfQN+eKmuuWLh7+nxPD/YLS+6HbowsRkyPK5uEjQEs5AJtfgoABJZrAAfVS2wtonEYWDEEBTLEkhA1AzqrWBPppTaikwSgC5MbAAak8k0x7joWTZ2ERwVZcNECrAhgRGgIIOoIPMaiXl6p/uyeLhvnP+CVmVab7sni4b5z/AIJWZVKy5ekfhv8AReJRRRRTl0SaSSSGUohVQFU6qWJzFxzMP+mkpNoso5WW4lCMRexBANwON7Eaa611JgQ8zMwa2RQCGZdbyX8Ui/Edte4rC2EaougkUm3pNyfbSLMeI1VzhZac5Oeyy4eB80smOQi9yLEA3UggmwFwRccRrXUuLVTYnUAHgTxJA4cSSDp5qbthS0koIOVkVQftL29FxTaKMyRGRlJZmB5JswC8m6n05mHTmoTjSIwslbbmPVJH/neU9OOUrmBtZgDmVri5AAKmxF78fPevXx6BspPPYmxKgm1gWAsOI4mmO6kKEcsrmjK5wM+jgtw5gAOOvGlxmXNHkLFmYgmxSzG+uvNe1vNQmikxTbKVmg3zNkgc8rDzCXO0UBtc8bXytlve1s1svHTjXWHnLNID/KwA9VG/FjUXjIXZXUrIWvpY2jsGuLAHXk8xub1JYWMh5SRxcEecZEH4g9lCdCjxXxACLJ6CMzrD3SCcUUUUq0V7W4e51/wzD+hvzvWH1uHudf8ADMP6G/O9MeuQ/FX2ofefJTG2PJ5vo3/Ka+dI/FHoFfRe2PJ5vo3/ACmvnSPxR6BSMVf8KfVG/j6rqiiipF26abSYjd261f8AvSL7Rcbxsq5I2IOpzEAAkgWtfWneKw2fLrbK4bs5qRbZ90lS/wDELG9uGYAfXwoWdGZGruMP0zAyv2pvFjXTfNJlyq9hqRqQlhc6Aa8fOa9G2dG1jYhGcZHzDki9jzj/AOaXbZ5JkGbRyGGnKVhlsb3sRyQbWofBuyuruvKUqMqWGotc3JPYRSKGpSm2NJz6DnO3RKSbM0ryxZgoWxewZuYx8bWBIvw4amlG2oQ4DZNWC5Q95Bc2FwBbn6e2nS4blo1/FQr6blDf/wDH+9Nl2awVUzjKrKwsupykNyjfXhxAFCUwo7CSycyZ5tA7tvJKDFuSWRAUBK8eUbHKxAtbQg6X5qbttxQS2aPKDa2cbzQ2vl/vbj+FOPeTC6h7ISWtblanMQGB4E35r614mCZeSrgJe/iXYXNyAb2tx4ihOcKV1Sdv0m3ZaLO8z4p7RRRSrURV29yTy6T6BvzxVSau3uSeXSfQN+eKmuuWLh7+nxPD/YLX6KKKiXl6qvd33ISY5YhG6IYyxOYE3zADm9FVD4H8R18PY9azTDa23oMMFOIkCZjZRqWPC9lUEkC4ubWF9aWZC0aPhOlUZmLhPkO4eoWa/A/iOvh7Ho+B/EdfD2PWi4zuow0UaSvMmST+GQc2caXKhLkgXFzwF9acYfbEMjiOORXYxiYZTcGNiQrgjQgkHnorFWOnaf2nBvJZl8D+I6+Hsej4H8R18PY9X6Du0wjznDLMN4HMdirgZ1JUoGKhS1wRYGpiWZVUuxCqoJJJsABqSSeAAorFHTtP7Tg3ksnl9xqdgVaaEg8RZ69X3HcQBYTQgDmyvWo7P2gk8SzRNmRtVNiL6kcGAPNTmiZTem6dOeMt/tbyWTfA/iOvh7Ho+B/EdfD2PWs0UVindO0/tODeSyb4H8R18PY9HwP4jr4ex61DaO0o4IzLO6xoCAWY2UFiFW585IH115JtSJZlw5kUSupZUvyiq+M1ugdNFYo6dp/acG8lmHwP4jr4ex6PgfxHXw9j1rNN8FtCOUM0TBgrtG1r6MjFHXXoYEfVRWKOnaf2nBvJZd8D+I6+HsetE7l9kNhcJFh3YMyAgkAgG7M2l/TT3B7Qjlz7tg2R2ja19GXRl16KcUEzVSlYQpNKAEZ05bAPIBIY3D7yJ4wbZlK36Lgi/wDessX3HcQABv4fVetaoonJNotOj0SeJdKd9gN3fPSsm+B/EdfD2PR8D+I6+HsetZoorFXenaf2nBvJZN8D+I6+Hsej4H8R18PY9azSOLxSxRtK5sqAsxsTYDU6C5P1CisUdO0/tODeSyz4H8R18PY9HwP4jr4ex6vez+7nBzB2jnGWMXdmV0VbHKbs6gXzG1r3vS3hfhNw+J3y7tCocgMWUsQqAoBnBJIsLa3orFHTtP7Tg3ks++B/EdfD2PR8D+I6+HsetEwfdRhpYjNHKCodYzowYM5VUUqQGBJZbXHPTfFd3GDjEReYWmQSx2V2zIbWfkqbDUam1FYo6dp/acG8lQ/gfxHXw9j0fA/iOvh7HrVoZldQ6EMrAFWBuCDqCCOIIruisUdO0/tODeSyb4H8R18PY9HwP4jr4ex61miisUdO0/tODeSyb4H8R18PY9WHuI7gpcFiGmklRw0ZQBQwOrI19fm/3q8UUTKhj4WplIhmHFfNpzSHfmCKKKKRZiKru0hJBjDihDJOjwrFaLIXjKPIxOVmW6uJBcg6boXHPViooQqCmzZ4Ssz4ee7tM6thmiaaDfS7wwMrnIyMBGxIzAOra2sS+7nNmYhMYks8Sx/4FEbdgCMSb2RmUW0vYgm2lybE1cKKELPcF3N4hW3rmZ4u+MsjYb4sLlM7PBOtlznK+7kKl9RcgaBTHbW2FtCR8ar71g8WJFgH3ciMsvvWNScSUBBMeiwqdCCSCS2p0UIWVT7A2gkhSLfBBHaOxldRHuQGiLNiQA5kzWvEzZrENYAK927sXGjD4NITNlENpApkeYTtuyHYjEQnQ59SzKut1ta2kUUIWdYLYmOU70NKMQ2JxClmdzDkMExibdZigT3wIiLC44XtRiNnYo4Erh48XE28QzrNK0skgCsJt3lxCvq+Um0iZgDbjY6LRQhUmTY08uy4YJw8jnEwsysCHEQxUbkMDJIeTEOd2Nhqb3qI2dsPHHERTMhSZIZ8Osj2KjdxQxwSEX8V5t89ug1ptFCFmybNxeQ2ixgg+L98RNMxxErDfe+GifekhSTCTlZQwUhQOeMOwdoqSIhNGhmnaIDM7o7zzMskhXExqQY2j5T71dDca8rXKKEKA7kMC8QxW8UrnxczrfnVmBVh5jU/RRQhFFFFCEUUUUIRXhr2ihCpEGxJxhid2xaPaUuJEV1BlTfystsxtfKwkW5GqrqKW2/FPi8M7RYdoGaTC5GZUM/xeIjkd2QEjKguwUtfx9Bpe40UIVQHcvIMVC0rtiCziWaUqqKBh1cYaMIosPjJs9+PIOugFRGxO5vGBsBkdsLu9nJFI27STlBo7xWfQNoTfXhWjUUITTZOzEw8EeHjvkiQItzc2UWBJ6ad0UUIRRRRQhFFFFCF/9k=" /></div><div>Every device, every computer, that is part of the Internet, is allo-cated an address, called an Internet address, or Internet Protocol</div><div>address (IP address). However, it isn’t like our home address or any-thing because, as we mentioned earlier, computers only under-stand numbers. So the IP address is a series of numbers.</div><div>The current protocol is called IPv4. Each IP address is actual-ly just four numbers each ranging from 0 to 255 (each of which</div><div>is called an “octet”) and separated by decimal points (called</div><div>dots). IP addresses are, therefore in the format xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx</div><div>where each xxx could be any number from 0 to 255. So an IP</div><div>address could look something like 161.184.138.36. This address</div><div>is essential during every exchange of data on the Internet,</div><div>because it identifies the client computer (which makes the</div><div>request, and to which the data must be sent) and the destination</div><div>computer (to which the request must reach). Nothing, therefore,</div><div>can happen on the Internet unless your computer is first assigned an IP address.</div><div>Say you’ve specified the IP address of a Web site you wish to</div><div>access. A server usually has a static IP address. However, your home</div><div>PC, if you’re connecting to the Internet through a modem, is usu-ally assigned a different IP address by the ISP each time you dial</div><div>in. This IP address is unique to you as a user, but only for as long</div><div>as the session lasts. The reason for this system is that ISPs have to</div><div>deal with a large number of requests at the same time. Besides, at</div><div>any given time, the number of users of the ISP server is limited. To</div><div>assign permanent IP addresses to retail users wouldn’t really be</div><div>required; instead, ISPs simply allot any IP address that is not being</div><div>used at the time to each user who has just dialled in. This system</div><div>enables the ISP to get along with fewer IP addresses for the num-ber of users who are connected simultaneously.</div><div>TCP breaks down and reassembles packets of data. IP ensures</div><div>that the packets are sent to the right destination. The TCP/IP com-bination is used because the Internet is a “packet-switched net-work.” In a “circuit-switched network,” in contrast, once a connec-tion is made, that specific part of the network is exclusively used</div><div>only for that connection. In a packet-switched network, the con-nection between the sender and the receiver is not single and</div><div>unbroken. When information is sent, it is broken into small pack-ets and sent over many different routes at the same time and then</div><div>put together in order at the other end once the packets of data</div><div>reach the destination. </div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><h4 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #660000;">How TCP/IP works</span></h4><div><img src="https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRSN-F7WsJtCx8YFi16QDvAhvf_8QlqaCOe4BNlrYm8g5cwKU70" /></div><div>Data sent across the Internet is broken up into packets of less than</div><div>about 1,500 characters each. Each packet is given a “header,”</div><div>which holds the information needed to put the packets back in</div><div>right order again. To each header is adder a “checksum”—basical-ly a number that checks whether the precise amount of data in</div><div>the packet has been received or not. Each packet is put into what</div><div>is called an IP “envelope”—a packet of data with a common address</div><div>and other specifications. Once the packets go through the routers</div><div>to their destination, TCP, at the receiver’s end, calculates a check-sum for each packet and then compares it with the checksum that was sent in the packet. If these don’t match, the computer figures</div><div>that the data has been corrupted en route, discards the packet,</div><div>and requests the sender to re-send the packet. TCP then assembles</div><div>them into their original coherent form to allow the receiving</div><div>computer to make sense of it.</div><div>None of this would be possible, however, without a DNS server</div><div>acting as mediator.</div><h3 style="text-align: left;"> <span style="color: #660000;">The Domain Name System</span></h3><div><img src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcS13k2Tt2YTWcvB2h_SdBjxqNwl0W-YpnQ8LZSTjv2TkTNxyZmd-A" /></div><div>Most of us would find it considerably difficult to remember hun-dreds of strings of numbers of all the sites we visit. So, for humans,</div><div>the address is in letters (the URL). The domain name is the root</div><div>identifier of a Web site on the Internet.</div><div>When you want to contact a location on the Internet—say a Web</div><div>site—you’d type in an address like www.yahoo.com. IP uses (a) the</div><div>Internet address information and (b) the Domain Name System to</div><div>understand and deliver your mail or request from one computer to</div><div>another: the letters www.yahoo.comare translated into an IP address,</div><div>which is, in this case, 87.248.113.14. In fact, if you typed in</div><div>http://87.248.113.14, your screen would show you the Yahoo! site, and</div><div>you would make the job a microsecond faster and a trifle easier for</div><div>the computers. This translation is accomplished by the DNS server.</div><div>Before we understand what the DNS server does, let’s get a grip</div><div>of how the DNS works.</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;"> <span style="color: #660000;">How The Domain Name System Works</span></h3><div><img src="https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRCCvgRdU5wbHa2N6LgTc-Vn_xsQ_GFWcGP9Yb66c9fXXvcWuh16Q" /></div><div>In order to make efficient and hassle-free the translation from the</div><div>plain-English www.yahoo.com into numbers that computers can</div><div>understand, the Internet has been organised into a number of</div><div>major domains. Major domains are represented by the letters at</div><div>the end of the English address. These are called top-level domains</div><div>(TLD) or zones, and they are either two or three letters long. The</div><div>three-letter zones indicate the type of organisation that owns the</div><div>domain, that is, whether it’s a commercial institution, ISP, non-governmental organisation of academic establishment, etc. All</div><div>Internet domains are registered with private companies called</div><div>Internet Registrars, in co-ordination with the InterNIC (InternetNetwork Information Center). You probably are most familiar with</div><div>the .com TLD. Here’s a list:</div><div>In October 1998, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names</div><div>and Numbers (ICANN) was formed, and took over the task of managing the domain names and other responsibilities that were ful-filled by the InterNIC. ICANN announced on November 16, 2000,</div><div>the following seven new gTLDs:</div><div>Besides, additional two-letter domain names have been</div><div>assigned to identify domains belonging to particular countries (outside the US)—.au, .in and so on.So that was it .Awaiting for your precious reply</div></div><div> </div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div></b></div><div style="color: #073763;"><br /></div></div></div>

How The Web Works

The Internet is not a single network. It is a vast, earth-span-ning network of networks. As you’re reading this, dozens of networks and PCs ...

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The Disadvantage of Mobile Phones!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: small;">Cell phones have became a most important aspect of our life . We can't live without our cells . Truly cellphone has made our live easy but each thing has its own disadvantage and the cell phones have them too.Here are the main problem caused by them .So have a look at them<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;"> -----</span></span></h2><div><span style="color: #f1c232; font-size: x-large;">Health Hazards</span></div><div><img height="200" src="data:image/jpeg;base64,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" width="200" /></div><div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">A decade or so ago, when cell phones were a novelty, they had</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">their fair share of brickbats. The largest fear factor associated with</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">mobile telephony was the harmful effect of electromagnetic radi-ation. It’s a known fact that due to electromagnetic induction, a</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">strong electromagnetic field is created, which can cause electric</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">currents that may flow across an air gap to the ground, causing</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">sparks. These sparks can then ignite flammable materials or gases,</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">and can lead to an explosion or fire.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Scientific evidence for the health hazards of cell phone radia-tion is still disputed. The WHO has recommended that a precau-tionary principle be voluntarily adopted. Here, the precautionary</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">principle is “a risk management policy applied in circumstances</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">with a high degree of scientific uncertainty, reflecting the need to</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">take action for a potentially serious risk without awaiting the</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">results of scientific research.” </span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Ever since mobile phones were launched, numerous health</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">reports have been published by various institutions worldwide.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Some reports indicate that electromagnetic radiation from mobile</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">phones cause brain tumours and can even result in Alzheimer’s disease. On the other hand, there have been a good number of</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">reports indicating no health risk at all. </span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">It cannot, however, be denied that mobile phone radiation</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">affects living cells. In October 2004, scientists at the Karolinska</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Institute in Stockholm gave a new warning about mobile phone</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">radiation and brain tumours. They found that long term users of</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">mobile phones were four times as likely to develop growths on the</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">side they held the phone, and twice as likely as non-users to devel-op these benign, non-cancerous growths. They saw no increased</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">risk from mobile phone radiation in those who had used mobile</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">phones for less than 10 years. The study was of 150 mobile phone</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">users, compared to 60 in a control group. </span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">However, the effects on individual users may vary depending on</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">the type of electromagnetic radiation. For instance, GSM and GPRS</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">(2.5G) phones use pulsed radiation, where the levels rise and fall very</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">rapidly. 3G phones on the other hand use continuous levels. Hence,</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">studies show varied results because they may have analysed different</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">types of radiation. Dr Kjell Hansson Mild in Sweden studied radiation</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">risk in 11,000 mobile telephone users. Symptoms such as fatigue,</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">headaches, and burning sensations on the skin were more common</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">among those who made longer mobile phone calls. Evidence from</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">human studies of mobile phone radiation indicates short-term</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">raised blood pressure and mild direct brain warming.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">In all, different studies have reached contradictory conclusions.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">There still persist real uncertainties about mobile phone radiation.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The health risk to an individual user from electromagnetic radia-tion may be minor, but it’s possible that some individuals may be</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">more prone to the side effects of radiation than others. </span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Nevertheless, read the user manual of any mobile phone: the</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">safety warnings will ask you to “switch off the phone when refu-elling.” Avoid using your phone near fuel or chemicals. Also, don’t</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">use your phone where there is blasting in progress, and also in a</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">hospital or when you are close to any medical equipment.</span></div></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><img src="https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRkI5Z55CdvlrcQoKPakrKFtUn8JLVFtBPN52vnw4BWX4sEYUlu" /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #f1c232; font-size: x-large;">Driving, Riding And Calling</span></h2><div><img src="data:image/jpeg;base64,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" /></div><div><div><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">The greatest risk to a mobile phone</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">user is an accident while distracted,</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">particularly when driving. Don’t</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">drink and drive. Similarly, don’t</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">talk on the phone while driving.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">The driver talking on a cell phone</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">need not be in an inebriated state -but he definitely is distracted. And</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">that can mean accidents.</span></div><div><img src="data:image/jpeg;base64,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" /></div><div><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">Obviously, the same goes for people who</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">ride two-wheelers. In fact, two-wheeler riders face a greater risk</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">than do drivers of four-wheelers of losing control of their bike or</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">scooter while talking on the phone. Although a hands-free system</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">makes things easier, it does not reduce the distraction caused by</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">the phone call. Follow road rules while driving - your first consideration should be safety on the road. </span></div></div><div><img src="https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTh2sHV6BayzsngA4VC33REND6ieMN4PHxXPS5Ttv_7KwSWWJci" /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #f1c232; font-size: x-large;"><br />Security Threats</span></h2><div><img src="https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcScKGLjt_DNAGN3UH8RCZJxeZBhtC-9TT1Z1nGbLSTGAijdqPrR" /></div><div><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: left;">Mobile spam is irritating, as you’ve noticed by now. Marketers<br />are resorting to text messages to target subscribers. More and<br />more mobile phone customers have received spam on their<br />phones - unsolicited marketing has reached this part of the<br />world as well. Some messages may carry viruses that could ren-der your phone dead: mobile phones are not immune to virus<br />threats. ‘Cabir’ was the first ever computer virus that infected<br />mobile phones. For PDAs there have been Palm viruses and also<br />infections on the Microsoft Pocket PC platform.<br />The earliest mobile phones did not have much security<br />designed in. Some problems were identity theft, and “scanning” -whereby third parties in the local area could intercept and eaves-drop on calls. Although more recent digital systems (such as GSM) have attempted to address these</div>fundamental issues, security<br />problems persist. Vulnerabilities<br />(such as SMS spoofing) have been<br />found in many current protocols<br />that continue to allow the possibili-ty of eavesdropping or cloning.<br />Viruses and other malicious<br />code can spread through PDAs<br />and smartphones. First, the hand-set’s functioning may get impaired<br />by the virus. Moreover, if an infected<br />mobile device is used to upload data<br />onto a corporate network, that may be adversely affected. The dan-ger from mobile viruses may grow as the use of PDAs and smart<br />phones proliferates. And virus writers will certainly not spare the<br />mobile devices and operating systems market.<br />In reference to simple SMS spoofing, consider this scenario: a<br />cyber criminal could send you a message from your friend’s cell -a fake message that can fool the receiver into thinking it is from<br />the actual sender. For instance, if someone received a message<br />from his or her spouse that said, “Withdraw Rs 10,000 immediate-ly and deposit into my account”, he or she would first try to call<br />the spouse. If the spouse is not reachable, the person might end up<br />actually doing what the SMS said. Such scams have actually<br />occurred. Of course, such scenarios are contingent on a cell phone<br />being stolen or left unattended.<br />In India, SMS Spoofing of the real kind - wherein the spoofer<br />doesn’t even have access to the phone the SMS seems to be coming<br />from - was tested by the Pune-based Asian School of Cyber Laws,<br />which used SMS Spoofing to help investigation and law enforce-ment agencies trap terrorists and narcotics dealers.<br />The significant growth of SMS as form of communication has lso given rise to the reliance of law enforcement agencies in gath-ering evidence from mobile phones when a crime has been com-mitted. Many a time, the law enforcement agencies have used the<br />mobile phone to link a criminal to the crime committed.<br />To prove that a criminal could send an SMS message appearing<br />to come from a victim’s cellular phone without physically touch-ing the victim’s cell phone, the school recently conducted experi-ments in SMS spoofing at the national and international level. It<br />was able to successfully spoof SMS messages and make them<br />appear to come from other people’s phones. These people were<br />using GSM-based cellular phone services in various parts of India<br />and other Asian as well as African countries. Needless to say, this<br />experiment should be enough to convince cell phone users and<br />law enforcement agencies to be careful in relying upon the<br />authenticity of SMS messages.<br /><div style="text-align: left;"><img src="https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcR40mqgik4Pea1IqU1pdeiW27BnwErbDkKPcwb1mbYh1UaHrwEn" /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">Truly as i say they have became an inseparable part of our llife but as each thing has its own disadvantage if not used in a proper manner.So also please give me your views and correct me where i have done mistake .</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div></span></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>`</div></div>

The Disadvantage of Mobile Phones!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Cell phones have became a most important aspect of our life . We can't live without our cells . Truly cellphone has made our live easy b...

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